The Role of Behavioral Capabilities in Enhancing Digital Maturity: A Survey Study in Educational Institutions
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61704/pr.695Keywords:
Behavioral Capabilities, Strategic Orientation, Digital Maturity, Educational Institutions, Digital TransformationAbstract
This study aims to analyze the role of behavioral capabilities in enhancing the orientations of educational institutions toward digital maturity. Digital transformation has become an inevitable necessity within a dynamic business environment characterized by complexity and competitiveness, which requires attention to human and behavioral dimensions alongside technology. The study adopted a descriptive-analytical approach based on relevant theoretical literature and applied studies, and conducted a field survey on a sample of leaders in educational institutions in the region undergoing digital transformation. A total of 250 questionnaires were distributed, and 201 were returned. AMOS.V.24 was used for statistical analysis. The findings showed that behavioral capabilities—such as flexibility and innovation—contribute directly to formulating and implementing effective digital strategies and increase the institution’s ability to adapt to changes. The results also indicated that flexibility affects the digital strategy and digital infrastructure, and that innovation also contributes to strengthening the digital maturity strategy and the digital infrastructure required by educational institutions to enhance their digital maturity. This, in turn, increases responsiveness to modern technologies and reduces resistance to change. The study recommends developing training and developmental programs that focus on strengthening the behavioral capabilities of leaders and staff alike, as these capabilities represent a pivotal element for achieving digital maturity and ensuring the sustainability of the institution’s competitive advantage.
References
Aagaard, A., Presser, M., Collins, T., Beliatis, M., Skou, A. K., & Jakobsen, E. M. (2021). The role of digital maturity assessment in technology interventions with industrial internet playground. Electronics, 10(10), 1134. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics10101134
Ajoudanian, S., & Aboutalebi, H. R. (2025). A capability maturity model for smart city process-aware digital transformation. Journal of Urban Management. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jum.2025.03.001
Alawaji, Y. N., Alqahtani, H. M., Alfadley, A., Alshehri, A., Aboalela, A., Altuwaijri, S. H., ... & Alharthy, N. A. (2025). Development and validation of scales measuring self-efficacy and behavioral capability in managing common medical emergencies in dental clinics. BMC Medical Education, 25(1), 1059. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-025-07663-0
Aldhi, I. F., Suhariadi, F., Rahmawati, E., Supriharyanti, E., Hardaningtyas, D., Sugiarti, R., & Abbas, A. (2025). Bridging digital gaps in smart city governance: the mediating role of managerial digital readiness and the moderating role of digital leadership. Smart Cities, 8(4), 117. https://doi.org/10.3390/smartcities8040117
Ali, A. M. (2024). Governance of Cultural Heritage Management in Iraq in the Age of Artificial Intelligence. Iraqi Literary and Cultural Review (ILCR), 2(2), 97-109. https://doi.org/10.69513/ilcr.v2.i2.a4
Ali, L., Haq, M. Z. U., Asadullah, M. A., & Haider, G. (2025). Leveraging emotional intelligence to enhance supply chain visibility and risk management: Evidence from empirical research. International Journal of Engineering Business Management, 17, 18479790251368324. https://doi.org/10.1177/18479790251368324
Aliy, M. F., Younus, M., & Lawelai, H. (2025). The digital maturity revealed: The secret of sustainable transformation. Jurnal Studi Pemerintahan, 109-139. https://doi.org/10.18196/jsp.v16i1.394
Ani, T. G., & Patal, C. F. (2025). Moderating Roles of Relational Learning and Competition Intensity On The Effect Of Relationship Management Capability On The Service Innovation Performance Of Calabarzon Travel Agencies. PressAcademia Procedia, 21(1), 34-38. https://doi.org/10.17261/Pressacademia.2025.1989
Avci, M., & Ardiç, K. (2025). The depths of social identity in entrepreneurship: the connection of grit, well-being, and mindfulness. Current Psychology, 44(19), 15622-15639. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-025-08320-x
Benitez, J., Arenas, A., Castillo, A., & Esteves, J. (2022). Impact of digital leadership capability on innovation performance: The role of platform digitization capability. Information & Management, 59(2), 103590. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.im.2022.103590
Boh, W., Constantinides, P., Padmanabhan, B., & Viswanathan, S. (2023). Building digital resilience against major shocks. MIS quarterly, 47(1), 343-360. https://doi.org/10.25300/MISQ/2023/47.1.12
Boundy-Singer, Z. M., Ziemba, C. M., & Goris, R. L. (2025). Sensory population activity reveals downstream confidence computations in the primate visual system. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 122(26), e2426441122. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2426441122
Bruno, C., Leite, E., & Chakraborty, S. Digital Creativity for Developing Digital Maturity Future Skills.
Canina, M. R., & Bruno, C. (2021). Design and creativity for developing digital maturity skills. In DS 110: Proceedings of the 23rd International Conference on Engineering and Product Design Education (E&PDE 2021), VIA Design, VIA University in Herning, Denmark. 9th-10th September 2021. https://doi.org/10.35199/EPDE.2021.46
Canina, M. R., & Bruno, C. (2021, June). Digital creative abilities for achieving digital maturity. In International conference on applied human factors and ergonomics (pp. 27-35). Cham: Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-80000-0_4
Chang, C. H., Chen, Y. S., & Tseng, C. W. (2025). Digital transformation anxiety: absorptive capacity, dynamic capability, and digital innovation performance. Management Decision, 63(3), 734-755. https://doi.org/10.1108/MD-08-2023-1363
Chowdhury, R. S. (2024). Digital Resilience in the Face of Crisis: the Impact of Digital Transformation on Organizations during the Pandemic. International Journal of Communication, 1(1), 1-14. https://www.jctmg.in/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/IJCST-004-1-14.pdf
Christensen, R. N., Siddiqui, A., Valogianni, K., & Florack, A. (2023). Towards a composite index for digital maturity: An unsupervised machine learning approach. https://aisel.aisnet.org/menacis2023/21/
Corbelli, G., Paciello, M., Sportelli, C., Cicirelli, P. G., & D’Errico, F. (2025). Mitigating ethnic moral disengagement: The role of inhibitory control, cognitive reflection, and growth-oriented personal values from an integrative perspective. Behavioral Sciences, 15(2), 169. https://doi.org/10.3390/bs15020169
Cresswell, K., Jahn, F., Silsand, L., Woods, L., Postema, T., Logan, M., ... & Ammenwerth, E. (2025). Assessing digital maturity of hospitals: viewpoint comparing national approaches in five countries. Journal of medical Internet research, 27, e57858. https://doi.org/10.2196/57858
Dupin, J.-J., Pascal, A., & Godé, C. (2022). A systematic literature review on digital resilience in organizations: Towards a conceptualization. HAL Open Science. https://shs.hal.science/halshs-03959505
El Sawy, O. A., Kræmmergaard, P., Amsinck, H., & Vinther, A. L. (2020). How LEGO built the foundations and enterprise capabilities for digital leadership. In Strategic information management (pp. 174-201). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429286797-8
Forliano, C., Orlandi, L. B., Zardini, A., & Rossignoli, C. (2023). Technological orientation and organizational resilience to Covid-19: The mediating role of strategy's digital maturity. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 188, 122288. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2022.122288
Gao, Y., Yang, X., & Li, S. (2022). Government supports, digital capability, and organizational resilience capacity during COVID-19: The moderation role of organizational unlearning. Sustainability, 14(15), 9520. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14159520
He, Z., Huang, H., Choi, H., & Bilgihan, A. (2023). Building organizational resilience with digital transformation. Journal of Service Management, 34(1), 147-171. https://doi.org/10.1108/JOSM-06-2021-0216
Hooghe, L., Marks, G., & Kamphorst, J. (2025). Field of education and political behavior: predicting GAL/TAN voting. American political science review, 119(2), 794-811. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0003055424000583
Howard, K. A., Griffin, S. F., Rolke, L. J., Venable, J., Stuenkel, M., & Sease, K. K. (2025). Exploration of individual and context features of a bicycle skills program for riding injury prevention knowledge and self-efficacy among children. Journal of Transport & Health, 43, 102050. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jth.2025.102050
Hu, X., & Suo, L. (2025). Cross-Cultural Management of Chinese MSMEs in Electronics Industry. Arts of Management Journal, 9(3), 67–88. retrieved from https://so02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/jam/article/view/279274
Hussein, N. N. (2023). Transitive and intransitive verbs in Akkadian: A case study of the Epic of Gilgamesh using natural language processing. Iraqi Literary and Cultural Review, 1(1). https://doi.org/10.69513/ilcr.v1.i1.a4
Indrianti, Y., Hamsal, M., Furinto, A., & Kartono, R. (2023). It takes two to tango: Roles of digital strategy and human creativity in creating transformational technopreneurship. In E3S Web of Conferences (Vol. 388, p. 04045). EDP Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202338804045
Klus, M. F., & Müller, J. (2021). The digital leader: what one needs to master today’s organisational challenges. Journal of Business Economics, 91(8), 1189-1223. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11573-021-01040-1
Kobrossy, S., Jasim, Y. A., Jasim, S. A., Goud, N. N., & Awqati, A. J. (2024). Detecting censorship and self-censorship: NLP analysis of political discourse in Iraqi social media and blogs. Iraqi Literary and Cultural Review, 2(1). https://doi.org/10.69513/ilcr.v2.i1.a5
Kocak, S., Pawlowski, J., Bernardino, J., Masciari, E., Rolland, C., & Filipe, J. (2021). A qualitative study on the categorisation and prioritisation of digital competencies and attitudes for managers and employees. https://doi.org/10.5220/0010674700003064
Kurniawan, R., Subroto, A., & Daryanto, E. (2024). A Systematic Literature Review of Organizational Resilience In Indonesia. Asian Journal of Engineering, Social and Health, 3(4), 893-902. https://doi.org/10.46799/ajesh.v3i6.355
Lichte, D., Torres, F. S., & Engler, E. (2022). Framework for operational resilience management of critical infrastructures and organizations. Infrastructures, 7(5), 70. https://doi.org/10.3390/infrastructures7050070
Maaß, L. (2024). Multidisciplinary measuring of maturity and readiness in national digital public health systems: The digital public health maturity index. Universitaet Bremen (Germany). https://www.proquest.com/openview/a0a99341da1e30c4cd50890ddb1f98af/1
Mihardjo, L. W. W., Sasmoko, Alamsyah, F., & Elidjen. (2019). The influence of digital leadership on innovation management based on dynamic capability: Market orientation as a moderator. Management Science Letters, 9(7), 1059–1070. https://doi.org/10.5267/j.msl.2019.3.018
Mordecai, Y., & Dori, D. (2018). Towards a quantitative framework for evaluating the expressive power of conceptual system models. Insight, 21(1), 28-37. https://doi.org/10.1002/inst.12187
Farooqi, R., Mughal, M. A., & Khalid, K. (2025). Business process management as an enabler for behavioral resources: A predictive model for overcoming project management to outcomes. Management Science Letters, 15(3), 164–180. https://doi.org/10.63075/frqp0e11
Nkomo, L., & Kalisz, D. (2023). Establishing organisational resilience through developing a strategic framework for digital transformation. Digital Transformation and Society, 2(4), 403-426. https://doi.org/10.1108/DTS-11-2022-0059
Peschl, M. F., & Fundneider, T. (2013). Creativity and innovation in a mid-urban size learning infrastructure-Designing spaces for thriving innovation communities. REAL CORP, 2013, 205-211.
Schröder, D. M. (2022). Digital maturity and its influence on corporate cultures. In International scientific conference “Black Sea—Gate and Many Bridges” (pp. 212–236). Burgas Free University.
Shahiduzzaman, M. (2025). Digital maturity in transforming human resource management in the post-COVID era: A thematic analysis. Administrative Sciences, 15(2), 51. https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci15020051
Sincorá, L. A., Oliveira, M. P. V. D., Zanquetto-Filho, H., & Alvarenga, M. Z. (2023). Developing organizational resilience from business process management maturity. Innovation & Management Review, 20(2), 147-161. https://doi.org/10.1108/INMR-11-2021-0219
Singun, A. J. (2025). Unveiling the barriers to digital transformation in higher education institutions: a systematic literature review. Discover Education, 4(1), 37. https://doi.org/10.1007/s44217-025-00430-9
Sumual, J. I., Mintardjo, C. M. O., Maramis, J. B., Ogi, I. W. J., Tumangkeng, S. Y. L., & Londah, R. (2025). Entrepreneurial budgeting as a strategic lever: Mediating the influence of entrepreneurial competency and character on MSME success in emerging economies. Seybold Report, 20(4), 270–282. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15260987
Vejdan Taleshmekael, R., Hazrati, M., Abbasi, B., Rezvani Chamanzamin, M., & Nasirzad, M. (2025). Designing a Model of Human Resources Capabilities with an Emphasis on Digital Knowledge Management in Iran Oil Terminals Company. International Journal of Digital Content Management, 6(10), 197-219.
Touijer, M. N., & Elabjani, A. (2025). A Delphi study on digital maturity and digital competitiveness in the context of digital transformation. Journal of Enterprising Communities: People and Places in the Global Economy, 19(2), 386-409. https://doi.org/10.1108/JEC-05-2024-0088
Vezzani, V., Canina, M., Bruno, C., & Leite, E. (2024). Digital Creativity for Developing Digital Maturity Future Skills. Journal of Entrepreneurial Researchers, 2(1), 001-004.
Wahdaniyah, N., Nurmandi, A., & Younus, M. (2025). A Meta-Analysis of the Relationship Between Digital Maturity and Digital Transformation. Society, 13(2), 628-644. https://doi.org/10.33019/society.v13i2.814
Weik, L., Fehring, L., Mortsiefer, A., & Meister, S. (2024). Big 5 personality traits and individual-and practice-related characteristics as influencing factors of digital maturity in general practices: quantitative web-based survey study. Journal of medical Internet research, 26, e52085. https://doi.org/10.2196/52085
Xin, Q., Wu, B., & Shi, Y. (2025). The Impact of Farmers’ Digital Participation on Cultivated Land Ecological Protection. Sustainability, 17(13), 6191. https://doi.org/10.3390/su17136191
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Omar T. Abdulruhamman, Ali A. Alshaher

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Copyright © 2025 by the authors. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0). You may not alter or transform this work in any way without permission from the authors. Non-commercial use, distribution, and copying are permitted, provided that appropriate credit is given to the authors and Al-Hadba University.


